Many of us will have experienced temporary tinnitus, perhaps after visiting a concert or nightclub, or exposure to other loud and prolonged sounds. The term comes from the Latin word tinnire meaning “to ring”. What is tinnitus? Tinnitus is when a person hears a simple tone or buzzing noise that is not coming from the environment. This is of interest to me as these two kinds of ‘auditory phantom’ may also be on a continuum with earworms, tunes that get stuck in our head (a keen research interest for me). This new paper tackles the question of whether musical hallucinations and tinnitus are similar phenomena. Here I am finally though, reading the first one. I have also been enjoying the planning and teaching of my new Music Psychology course, here at the Hochschule Luzern – Musik.Īll this is why it has taken me a little while to get to my exciting pile of new papers. I love being able to finally sit down to write up these interesting research projects. It has been a long few weeks here in Luzern as I have been balancing immigration admin, with the freedom that comes with being able to write up articles that have been sitting on my desk for months. Well, this hope has been slightly delayed. Thus, in contrast to common auditory hallucinations, patients with musical hallucinations associated with tinnitus and hearing loss should be offered a more multidisciplinary assessment.Before I left for Switzerland at the start of this month I printed off a few articles that I had hoped to read for background research, and also to provide you, dear reader, with some of the latest findings in music psychology. Conclusions: Musical hallucinations were strongly associated with female elderly adults and with mood disorders. Psychiatric assessment showed that 68.75% of cases had depression, 6.25% had anxiety disorder and 25% had no psychiatric conditions. Neurological assessment showed electroencephalogram changes in only 17.6% of cases, while 25% presented with mild attention deficit and 43.75% had small foci of gliosis or ischemia on the imaging examination. The otolaryngological examination was normal in all cases, but audiometry revealed that the degree of hearing loss was severe to profound in 68.75% of participants. Results: A total of 16 patients were included (87.5% women mean age 61.43 ± 15.99 years). All subjects underwent the following assessments: (1) otolaryngological and audiological assessment (physical examination and audiometry), (2) neurological assessment (cognition, electroencephalogram and imaging examination) and (3) psychiatric assessment (structured interview). Sampling and Methods: As this sample is rare to find, all consecutive patients with tinnitus, hearing loss and musical hallucinations were included over a 3-year period, excluding those unable to respond. The aim of the study was to characterize patients with tinnitus and musical hallucinations through a multidisciplinary assessment, allowing a better understanding of these concomitant phenomena. Thus, a possible different cognitive functioning may be involved in musical hallucinations. Background: Although auditory hallucinations are considered a psychopathological phenomenon, musical hallucinations have been reported in individuals without psychosis but with auditory symptoms (tinnitus and/or hearing loss).
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